Medical English-Japaneseコミュの小児科で見る感染型発疹

Childhood infectious skin diseases
Measles
High fever with coryza (itchy eyes), conjunctivitis (pink eye), cough (３Cと呼ばれる症状） x ~ 5 days
目に影響があるため明かりを怖がることもある（photophobia)
"Koplik spots" 扁桃腺に白い斑点みたいなのがあるとほぼはしかと言える
Fever is followed by skin eruption on the head-->trunk-->arms, legs　x approx 5 days
Caused by the measle's virus (paramyxovirusのひとつ）
ビタミンAが足りないと栄養失調している子供は盲目になる可能性あり、
Treatment is supportive: vaccination is recommended

Scarlet Fever
exudative pharyngitis, high fever, and scarlatiniform rash.
Fever, headache, throat pain for approx 2 days followed by rash head-->trunk-->arms, legs
Skin rash red dots with sandpaper like texture, if you press down, the redness disappears
手のひらにも発疹する場合がある (desquamating eruption of the palms)
Caused by streptococcus bacteria toxin
Treatment: 10 day course of Penicillin or Erythromycin (if allergic to PCN)

German Measles
Low fever, runny nose, followed by rash face--> neck --> trunk --> extremities (arms legs)
リンパ腺が痛く腫れること
caused by rubivirus
Treatment is supportive. Vaccination recommended (needed to go to school)

Slapped Cheek
Headache fever sore throat, joint pain --> then get better for a week--> then slapped cheek appearance
Then, red flat dotted rash on arms and trunk then becoming lacy (reticulated)
Caused by parvovirus B19
Patient with hemolytic anemia may have complications
Treatment: immunoglobin if aplastic anemia or immune compromised, otherwise self-limiting

Roseola
Sudden high fever x ~ 3 days, once the fever is gone, followed by pink maculopapular Rash
The rash is not itchy, if you press down, it blanches
Caused by HHV-6
Self limiting; supportive care, no vaccines or treatment for it

Chicken pox
しんどいからここまでー
http://www.med-ed.virginia.edu/pda/refcards/PedRashes/Rashes.htm、http://emedicine.medscape.com/