A forty-two year-old seamstress, Mrs. Rosa Parks, who worked in a department store in downtown Montogomery, Alabama, was on her way home from work on December 1, 1955. Encumbered with bags filled with her Christmas shopping, Mrs. Parks boarded a city bus and moved to the back - legally, traditionally, the Negro section of the bus. As part of the segregation of blacks at that time, white rode in the front seats and black rode in the back, without exception.
Finding no seats available in the back, she took one toward the middle of the bus. When the driver later picked up more white passengers, he called out to Mrs. Parks to vacate the seat for whites to sit down, even if it meant that she had to stand. Mrs. Parks refused. Active in local movements for advancing the rights of black people, Mrs. Parks had already decided that she would make a stand if asked to surrender her seat. Mrs. Parks was to provide the courage to test the laws of the State of alabama.
Declining to leave her seat, Mrs. Parks was arrested for violating Motogomery's transportation laws. She was ordered to apprear in court the following Monday. But over the weekend, the blacks of Montogomery met to protest Mr. Parks arrest and the rationale bihind it. The black community of Montogomery selected the twenty-seven year-old pastor of Mrs. Park's Church, the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, as its leader, That young minister was Rev. Martin Luther King and under his ledership the civil rights movement was to bring widespread change to the fabric of American Society.