Nature 441 (7094) (8 June 2006) 神経:ショウジョウバエの睡眠の促進におけるきのこ体の動的役割 A dynamic role for the mushroom bodies in promoting sleep in Drosophila p753 Jena L. Pitman, Jermaine J. McGill, Kevin P. Keegan and Ravi Allada doi:10.1038/nature04739
神経:ショウジョウバエの睡眠は成虫のきのこ体によって制御されている Sleep in Drosophila is regulated by adult mushroom bodies p757 William J. Joiner, Amanda Crocker, Benjamin H. White and Amita Sehgal doi:10.1038/nature04811
医学:ショウジョウバエPINK1突然変異体のミトコンドリア機能障害はparkinにより補完される
Mitochondrial dysfunction in Drosophila PINK1 mutants is complemented by parkin p1157
Jeehye Park, Sung Bae Lee, Sungkyu Lee, Yongsung Kim, Saera Song, Sunhong Kim, Eunkyung Bae, Jaeseob Kim, Minho Shong, Jin-Man Kim and Jongkyeong Chung
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v441/n7097/full/nature04788.html
医学:ショウジョウバエのpink1はミトコンドリアの機能に必要とされ、parkinと遺伝的に相互作用する
Drosophila pink1 is required for mitochondrial function and interacts genetically with parkin p1162
Ira E. Clark, Mark W. Dodson, Changan Jiang, Joseph H. Cao, Jun R. Huh, Jae Hong Seol, Soon Ji Yoo, Bruce A. Hay and Ming Guo
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v441/n7097/full/nature04779.html
Essential Role of the Apoptotic Cell Engulfment Genes draper and ced-6 in Programmed Axon Pruning during Drosophila Metamorphosis
Takeshi Awasaki, Ryoko Tatsumi, Kuniaki Takahashi, Kunizo Arai, Yoshinobu Nakanishi, Ryu Ueda, and Kei Ito
The Drosophila Cell Corpse Engulfment Receptor Draper Mediates Glial Clearance of Severed Axons
Jennifer M. MacDonald, Margaret G. Beach, Ermelinda Porpiglia, Amy E. Sheehan, Ryan J. Watts, and Marc R. Freeman
Wlds Protection Distinguishes Axon Degeneration following Injury from Naturally Occurring Developmental Pruning
Eric D. Hoopfer, Todd McLaughlin, Ryan J. Watts, Oren Schuldiner, Dennis D.M. O'Leary, and Liqun Luo
Gradients of the Drosophila Chinmo BTB-Zinc Finger Protein Govern Neuronal Temporal Identity
Sijun Zhu, Suewei Lin, Chih-Fei Kao, Takeshi Awasaki, Ann-Shyn Chiang, and Tzumin Lee
Cell, Vol 127, 409-422, 20 October 2006
Many neural progenitors, including Drosophila mushroom body (MB) and projection neuron (PN) neuroblasts, sequentially give rise to different subtypes of neurons throughout development. We identified a novel BTB-zinc finger protein, named Chinmo (Chronologically inappropriate morphogenesis), that governs neuronal temporal identity during postembryonic development of the Drosophila brain. In both MB and PN lineages, loss of Chinmo autonomously causes early-born neurons to adopt the fates of late-born neurons from the same lineages. Interestingly, primarily due to a posttranscriptional control, MB neurons born at early developmental stages contain more abundant Chinmo than their later-born siblings. Further, the temporal identity of MB progeny can be transformed toward earlier or later fates by reducing or increasing Chinmo levels, respectively. Taken together, we suggest that a temporal gradient of Chinmo (Chinmohigh → Chinmolow) helps specify distinct birth order-dependent cell fates in an extended neuronal lineage.
Waking Experience Affects Sleep Need in Drosophila
Ganguly-Fitzgerald et al. Science 313: 1775-1781
Sleep is a vital, evolutionarily conserved phenomenon, whose function is unclear. Although mounting evidence supports a role for sleep in the consolidation of memories, until now, a molecular connection between sleep, plasticity, and memory formation has been difficult to demonstrate. We establish Drosophila as a model to investigate this relation and demonstrate that the intensity and/or complexity of prior social experience stably modifies sleep need and architecture. Furthermore, this experience-dependent plasticity in sleep need is subserved by the dopaminergic and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate signaling pathways and a particular subset of 17 long-term memory genes.
P[acman]: A BAC Transgenic Platform for Targeted Insertion of Large DNA Fragments in D. melanogaster
Koen J. T. Venken, Yuchun He, Roger A. Hoskins, Hugo J. Bellen
We describe a transgenesis platform for Drosophila melanogaster which integrates three recently-developed technologies: a conditionally amplifiable bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), recombineering, and {phi}C31-mediated transgenesis. The BAC is maintained at low-copy number, facilitating plasmid maintenance and recombineering, but induced to high-copy number for plasmid isolation. Recombineering allows gap repair and mutagenesis in bacteria. Gap repair efficiently retrieves DNA fragments up to 133 kb from P1 or BAC clones. {phi}C31-mediated transgenesis integrates these large DNA fragments at specific sites in the genome, allowing rescue of lethal mutations in the corresponding genes. This transgenesis platform should greatly facilitate structure-function analyses of most Drosophila genes.
Alexander Maye, Chih-hao Hsieh, George Sugihara, Björn Brembs
Brains are usually described as input/output systems: they transform sensory input into motor output. However, the motor output of brains (behavior) is notoriously variable, even under identical sensory conditions. The question of whether this behavioral variability merely reflects residual deviations due to extrinsic random noise in such otherwise deterministic systems or an intrinsic, adaptive indeterminacy trait is central for the basic understanding of brain function. Instead of random noise, we find a fractal order (resembling Lévy flights) in the temporal structure of spontaneous flight maneuvers in tethered Drosophila fruit flies. Lévy-like probabilistic behavior patterns are evolutionarily conserved, suggesting a general neural mechanism underlying spontaneous behavior. Drosophila can produce these patterns endogenously, without any external cues. The fly's behavior is controlled by brain circuits which operate as a nonlinear system with unstable dynamics far from equilibrium. These findings suggest that both general models of brain function and autonomous agents ought to include biologically relevant nonlinear, endogenous behavior-initiating mechanisms if they strive to realistically simulate biological brains or out-compete other agents.
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News and Views Nature Neuroscience 11, 8 - 10 (2008)
Glia and romance Joel D Levine
Drosophila courtship is a complex behavior. A new study shows that glia modulate neurotransmission to influence male preference, but the authors should have resisted the temptation to describe their results in tabloid language.