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数理的脳科学コミュのMathematical Brain Physics

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March 21, 2012 “Why people want to know new things?” (Part 1)

Let’s think of the biological evolution. Let’s think of why the livings were able to survive, instead of how they evolved. They have been surviving because they have luckily been satisfying the survival conditions. Nowadays, all the livings on the earth are eukaryotes. Their origins were unicellular transformable organisms like amoeba or slime mold, and the modern livings are still succeeding their original characteristics. Any question? Yes, please!
Q1. How are they succeeding?
A1. The information is written on the DNA sequences.
Q2. Where is it written?
A2. It is written over the whole DNA sequences even on the parts called intron that are never junk. Some old textbooks say more than 70% of the DNA is useless junk but they are wrong. Besides, the concept of the gene is wrong! The crucial key is the intron.
Q3. Why do the chimps have the 24 pairs of chromosomes one pair more than the humans?
A3. It’s because the humans had dropped the one pair that caused losing the tail and the synthesizing ability of the vitamin C together. Instead, they obtained the higher power of running. Since they had neither strong nails nor strong fangs anyway, their fate might have been exterminated by being eaten by the many predators. But they could run fast on the two legs. It was the ability to be acquired if they utilize the cerebellar neural network by learning it and training themselves.
The first ES cell completed in the fertilized egg divides in to two cells. It is the self copying process. The total number of cells would reach the order of billion if they repeat this process about 30 times.
Q4. Why can they possibly make perfect self-copy with no errors?
A4. It is because the self-copy is performed according to the precisely programmed process. And the program code is written on the DNA by four characters of A, T, G, and C as a cryptogram. The problem is whether this cryptogram can be deciphered or not. That is why any researcher who is involved with the DNA becomes inclined to decipher it. The big projects such as the National Genome Project are almost completing the reading of whole DNA codes of various organisms.
Many bio-technologists are examining the changes and effects by rearranging the so-called genes that are the parts of DNA. However, the whole aspect is not known yet. There is no clue at all when and how a switch is turned on. Then, mathematics comes up on the stage.
Three young researchers of the graduate school of mathematics of Nagoya University were awarded a prize by some apparel maker for the beautiful Buddhism patterns made from colored DNA. They tried to obtain some hint from the visual patterns if possible, for they knew the famous four color separation problem of any map.
However, they obtained no clue from the colored patterns. Now only the short sequence called codon is distinguished as a symbol of separation function. At a sudden, however, the DNA mystery was solved. Though the author had not deciphered the DNA cryptogram yet, why can he insist he had solved the mystery and the DNA mechanism?
There is a famous proverb that if you want to obtain the top general, you must target his horse first. The author had first made a new inferring method consisting of repeating algorithm of inferring and finding some clues by setting some half boiled assumption. As he narrowed the encircling net, eventually he reached the astonishing conclusive idea. Is it really? Is it true? He had to doubt it and ask himself.
Despite of the hard works for many years, the conclusion was surprisingly too simple against the fact the contents of the brain are too complex. That is the two-facedness again!
(To be continued.)

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March 22, 2012 “Why people want to know new things?” (Part 2)

Actually, the hint had already been presented. Nobody noticed it just because of ignorance. That’s the golden theorem! Let’s take a short change of subject. Two days ago the last drama of “Police Officer Partner” series was on air on the theme of the clone human baby. But the ending was too easy showing the stillborn baby. I love him and want to have his baby. It’s the common instinct provided for every woman. The marriage is different.
Thanks to this instinct all the humans and animals have been able to survive. In the drama the heroin wants a baby of the dead man using the cloning technology. It’d be possible only if his DNA is preserved. But the serious misunderstandings are hidden. The first one is about the love. The falling in love at first sight is typical example of the sexual impulsive passions that are formed in the mind making him or her blind and different with the rational desires.
The emotion of liking him or her often becomes too strong. This means she or he is in love. But when they get babies, many men often tend to lose the heat showing their interest to other women. As the proverb “Love makes the young blind” tells, those loving boys cannot pay attention to the other things. They behave thoroughly self-centered based on the survival instinct. It’s just because the instinct as a male generates strong desire to scatter the sperms to as many females as possible.
On the contrary, girls are born with the finite number of eggs that cannot avoid the damage from aging effect if they miss and become past marriageable age. As the freshness is required for the edible eggs, the eggs of women and the frozen sperms can be damaged by aging. Also it is known from the fact the normal cell can suffer the cancer that the complex DNA strand can be damaged by the cosmic rays, the natural radiation, and the radical oxygen.
Although the late child-bearing is known as highly risky, the risk by aging is not known.
Objection! I guess the DNA has the self-repairing function. Is it the reason each genome has a pair? What is the DNA at all? Is it the collection of genes? What is the gene, then? Can you define it?
That’s good question. Sure! Today the concept of the gene is about to change drastically. The review of the intron is on the base and the gene recombination there causes the occurrence of changes. The intron is never junk. We’ve come back to the main theme after a long detour and are able to show you the conclusion from the inferring method combining the uncertainty principle of physics and logics of mathematics.
That is the idea that the ES cell with the complete set of DNA’s becomes the bio-computer based on the biochemical reactions. But you have said DNA is the program code. Isn’t it inconsistent? No! This is again the two-facedness! The intron constructs the database of the three dimensional Turing machine!
On this hypothesis the food search activity of those unicellular transformable organisms such as amoeba and slime mold can be explicated. Further consideration leads to the human body construction including the brain to be carried out along the programmed work schedule. Despite that the DNA has been fully mysterious from the origin taking a long historical time, this simple basic hypothesis can solve every mystery about the mechanism and consciousness of the brain and mind.
In addition to this hypothesis, we assume the computers in an organ construct a network computer by synchronization. At the end of the neuronal tube, the most important diencephalon is formed and then these organs such as mesencephalon, thalamus, limbic system, cerebrum, and corpus callosum are to be constructed around it. On the other hand, the cerebellum is formed to control the muscles with the motor neurons. This cerebellum, the medulla oblongata, and the corpus callosum become to the center of consciousness.
( To be continued.)

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