real improvising is always spontaneous, not memorized.
Improvisation is actually "talking" to other musicians -
the soloist (singer) is talking in statement-answer lines
(sometimes call- and response) to himself, to his band-mates
and to the audience. It's not show-off, but is a form of
internal communication based on honest feelings.
Get the technique and practice until you don't have to think
of anything, not even the all-important chords because now
it's all in your fingers. YOUR ear quickly deciphers where all
the chords are and you just "go".
Learn the cycle. No matter where the root is, a ii-V is always
a ii7-V7 and they are always cycled minor to 7th chords.
When playing any ii-V, you can ignore the ii and improv
on the V7 chord.
Just because the chord has 7th, 9th, 11th, 6th or 13th in its name,
it's NOT necessary to play those notes. This is creative melodic
work. So Db7 = Db9 = Db11 = Db13
G7b5b9 = Db7, so Abm7 = Db13, so G7 = G7b5b9 = Db7 = Abm7.
Use the 3rd for the 7th chord and the b3rd for the minor chord.
Pause between phrases. Don't show off. Have fun playing, but add spaces.
Listen vitally to the rest of the band, and play "to them", be "with"
the band.
A half-diminished chord is merely a minor7 flat5; an F#m7b5 is the 7th
degree of the G chordal scale. With a D note, it's a D9th chord, you can
use Am for it, you can use G scale notes for it. Also, with it going to B7
(vii-III), it's another ii-V, so you can ignore the F#m7b5 chord and
simply improv on the B7 for both chords. And a B7 = B+ = Cdim.
Major chord, you can always add a maj7 and a 6th, also the 9th.
You don't have to memorize the changes to improvise on them - you
just have to do this preliminary planning practice to initially get used
to using patterns as your foundation, hearing them and use the patterns
and of course the substitution chords on them.
In Jazz-Blues, the seventh chord is always the same as the
minor seventh chord of the fifth, so: C7=Gm7 and F7=Cm7.
Ignore the F#dim after F, ignore the Gm7 before C7,
ignore the Dm7 before G7(ii V is always same as V).
Always play the fourth on the second bar if it says so.
Sub ii, iii and vi with major chords and ditto.
For turnaround, use flat fifth optional.