Zophiaのメモ帳コミュの心理学基礎演習の全訳集

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13 Personality > 13.2 Personality Traits > The Big Five Model of Personality

* {SVO}
* [名詞節など]
* (副詞節や副詞句/V{動詞}を修飾する部分)
* <形容詞節や形容詞句/[名詞句節]を修飾する部分>
* 〔if節・that節など〕

1-1 S{Psychologists} V{have devised} O{questionnaires} (to measure [locus of control], [self-esteem], [aggressiveness], and [<humdreds of> <other> traits]).

1-2 Sa{Va1{Measuring} Oa1{hundreds of traits}} Va{is} Ca{impractical}; Sb{the goal} Vb{should be} Ob{a simple system <V1{listing} O1{no more traits} (than necessary)>}.

1-3 Sa{Remember} Va{the principle <of parsimony>} (from Chapter 2): 条件〔If Sba{we} Vba{can (adequately) describe} Oba{personality} (with, 挿入《say,》 five or ten traits)〕, 結果〔Sbb{we} Vbb{do not need} {[to Vbb1{measure} (more)]}〕.


* 以下ではSVO等適宜簡略化

2-1 S{One way <to begin>} V{is} C{[by V1{examining} O1{<our> language}]}.

2-2 {Many psychologists} {asume} {〔that {<any> [<human> language]} {(probably) has} {[a word] <for <every> [<important> [<personality> trait]]>}〕}.

2-3 Although {this assumption} {is not} {a logical necessity}, {it} {seems} 〔《that》 {reasonable <considering <<how much> [attention <{people} {pay} (to other people's personalities)>]>}〕.


3-1 S{Goldon Allport and H. S. Odbert (1936)} V{plodded though} O{an English dictionary} and V'{found} O'{almost 18,000 words <that might be used to describe personality>}.

3-2 S{They} V{deleted from} O1{this list} O2{words <{that} {were} merely evaluations, <such as nasty>}, and O'2{terms <referring to temporary states, <such as confused>>}.

3-3 ( (At least) {we} {hope} 〔that {[being confused]} {is} {temporary}〕.)

3-4 In the remaining list, S{they} V{looked for} O{clusters <of synonyms, <such as affectionate, warm, and loving>>}, and V'{kept} O'{<only of> [<these> terms]}.

3-5 When they found {opposites, <such as honest and dishonest>}, they (also) {kept} just one of them.

3-6 (Honesty and dishonesty are different extremes of one dimension, not separate traits.)

3-7 After eliminateing synonyms and antonyms, {Raymond Cattell (1965)} {narrowed} {the original list} to 35 traits.